There are three emigration waves from Ming Dystany to the 20th centeries.
The first emigration waveThe footprint of the first Chinese immigrants is mainly located in southeast Asia, especially in Philippine; Nagasaki, Japan; Java; Malaysia and Thailand. The Filipino Chinese were the most numerous. After the 18th century, the Chinese became more involved in the mining, plantation, and construction industries and became more involved in Southeast Asian society.
The second emigration waveThe second emigration wave appears during the 1850s to 1920s, the Opium Wars led to a renewed loosening of China's closed-door policy. Moreover, due to the abolition of the slave trade, the road mines and botanical gardens in the European and American colonies were short of labour. Thus, many Chinese were forced to be sent to Europe and America to work. These labourers mainly came from Guangdong and Fujian, and the footprints of Chinese immigrants gradually dispersed around the world.
The third emigration waveAfter World War I, China was involved in a series of wars, and lots of Chinese people went abroad to pursue a new life and even make a fortune. The most famous immigrants of this period were the first generation of Chinese Americans who went to California for the gold rush. Their descendants continue breeding children, emigrating, thus spreading all over the world
appearance time Chinese emigration (Year)
data: McKeown, A. (2010). Chinese emigration in global context, 1850–1940. Journal of Global History, 5(1), pp.95–124. doi:10.1017/s174002281000001x.
Zhuang, G (2011). Shi jie hua qiao hua ren shu liang he fen bu de li shi bian hua. Beijing: Shi jie li shi
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